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This encounter laid the foundations for the medieval world, he wrote, one that represented a world-historical mixing of “rivers of two different kinds of water [the classical and the Semitic] ... but the union was an unnatural one and could not endure. The human spirit at the end of the medieval period awoke to consciousness of its own power and attempted to free itself from the fetters the Middle Ages had put on it. Modern philosophy [beginning with Kant] is this struggle for freedom.”’
— PAUL DEUSSEN